
A material whose response to a change in temperature generates electric potential, or vice versa, exhibits what is known as the thermoelectric effect.
Thermoelectric devices can generate electricity when heated by an external source, or quickly cool or heat their environment when powered with electricity.
Thermoelectric devices are currently used in a few consumer products, including refrigerators and CPU coolers in computers. They could eliminate the need for fluorocarbon refrigerants, giving rise to fluid- and compressor-free cooling systems that pose fewer health and environmental hazards.
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