In this issue, we address the Seebeck coefficient, a property that determines the performance of thermocouples and Peltier elements. Basically, the Seebeck coefficient is related to the fact that electrons are both carriers of electricity and heat. If a temperature gradient exists over a piece of electrically conductive wire, there is a net diffusion of electrons from the hot … [Read more...]
Liquid Cooling Of A High-Density Computer Cluster
Introduction Recent advances in computer clusters have resulted in the introduction of higher density server equipment that consumes significant amounts of electrical power and produces an extraordinary amount of heat. Due to this latter attribute, which has alarming consequences with regard to thermal management, the installation of modern computer clusters will require … [Read more...]
Effect Of Improved Thermoelectric Zts On Electronic Module Coolability
In recent years there has been a growing interest in the application of thermoelectrics to electronics cooling. Attention has been focused on thermoelectric cooling both as a possible means to enhance module cooling and to address the chip hot spot problem. Effort has been directed towards the development of new bulk materials and thin film micro-coolers. The usefulness of … [Read more...]
Cooling Options And Challenges Of High Power Semiconductor Modules
Introduction Trends in power electronics systems and devices over the last decade have placed increasing demands on the efficiencies of the thermal management systems used for power Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) and Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) modules. The pressure to decrease the size of power electronics systems and, subsequently, the … [Read more...]
Thermal Conductivity of Solders
Soldering has been a primary method of establishing mechanical and electrical connections in electronics for many years and will likely be used in this fashion in the future. While there are several physical properties and characteristics of solders that are of interest to the electronics community at large, one of the most significant physical properties to a thermal engineer … [Read more...]
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