Nanofluids are dispersions of nanometer-sized particles in a base fluid such as water, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. In the last decade, nanofluids have attracted more attention as a new generation of coolants for various industrial and automotive applications. Use of high thermal conductivity metallic nanoparticles (e.g., copper, aluminum, silver, gold, etc.) … [Read more...]
Thermal Diffusivity
Thermal diffusivity is a measure of the transient thermal response of a material to a change in temperature and the term thermal diffusivity (α) is defined asα= k/(ρ x cp) where αis the thermal diffusivity (m2/sec) k is the thermal conductivity (W/m-K) ρ is the density (kg/m3) cp is the heat capacity (J/kg-K) It should be noted that each of these quantities can … [Read more...]
Thermal Strain In Semiconductor Packages, Part I
Introduction Silicon became the semiconductor of choice for ICs because of its electrical properties, not because of its mechanical properties. In the earliest days of ICs when chips were small and power levels were low, the mechanical properties of silicon were of little consequence. However, for some time, the opposite situation has been the norm. Now, there are much larger … [Read more...]
Compact thermal modeling in electronics design
Compact thermal modeling in electronics design Sarang Shidore Flomerics Inc Introduction The challenge of accurately predicting junction temperatures of IC components in system-level CFD simulations has engaged the engineering community for a number of years. The primary challenge has been that near-exact physical models of such components (known as detailed thermal models, or … [Read more...]
Microscale heat transfer
Advances in microfabrication processes have led to a continuous miniaturization of Field Effect Transistors (FET) that contain semiconductor (e.g., silicon), insulator (e.g., silicon dioxide), and metallic (e.g., copper interconnects) layers only a few nanometers thick. Ever increasing demand for faster microprocessors and the continuous trend to pack more transistors on a … [Read more...]
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