Introduction Silicon became the semiconductor of choice for ICs because of its electrical properties, not because of its mechanical properties. In the earliest days of ICs when chips were small and power levels were low, the mechanical properties of silicon were of little consequence. However, for some time, the opposite situation has been the norm. Now, there are much larger … [Read more...]
Compact thermal modeling in electronics design
Compact thermal modeling in electronics design Sarang Shidore Flomerics Inc Introduction The challenge of accurately predicting junction temperatures of IC components in system-level CFD simulations has engaged the engineering community for a number of years. The primary challenge has been that near-exact physical models of such components (known as detailed thermal models, or … [Read more...]
Microscale heat transfer
Advances in microfabrication processes have led to a continuous miniaturization of Field Effect Transistors (FET) that contain semiconductor (e.g., silicon), insulator (e.g., silicon dioxide), and metallic (e.g., copper interconnects) layers only a few nanometers thick. Ever increasing demand for faster microprocessors and the continuous trend to pack more transistors on a … [Read more...]
Using a simple air recirculation model to explore computer rack cooling
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of simple computer rack air recirculation model. Figure 2. Schematic diagram of computer rack air recirculation model with heat exchanger in rear of computer rack. In an article in the November 2006 issue of ElectronicsCooling it was noted that “advances in computer clusters have resulted in the introduction of higher density server … [Read more...]
The Seebeck Coefficient
In this issue, we address the Seebeck coefficient, a property that determines the performance of thermocouples and Peltier elements. Basically, the Seebeck coefficient is related to the fact that electrons are both carriers of electricity and heat. If a temperature gradient exists over a piece of electrically conductive wire, there is a net diffusion of electrons from the hot … [Read more...]
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