Heat transfer in electronic packages is a complex problem involving a network of resistive paths for the various laminated structures, bonding adhesives, lead frames, and attachment mechanisms, such as ball grid arrays. However, despite the multitude of materials and interfaces within an electronic package, the largest thermal resistance, and consequently the controlling … [Read more...]
The increasing importance of thermal test dies
Thermal test dies are among the major tools used in package thermal design qualification. They are usually simple chips, containing heaters and temperature sensors. The sensors measure the temperature on the chip surface as a result of the steady state powering or the time dependence of the temperature increase or decrease in case of transient qualification. From these data, … [Read more...]
The thermal conductivity of fluids
About 10-15 years ago, fluids, either directly (mainly Fluorocarbons), or indirectly (cold plates flushed with water) cooled the majority of mainframe computers. Nowadays, the expected increase in heat flux density causes a renewed interest in either passive or active liquid cooling, because the limits of air cooling come within reach. Other practical applications in which … [Read more...]
High accuracy thermal interface resistance measurement using a transient method
Heat dissipation of active devices has become one of the limiting factors in further miniaturization. While component manufacturers succeed in decreasing the overall thermal resistance of their packages, the thermal interface resistance to the board becomes the next limiting factor. Therefore, understanding interface and contact resistances becomes increasingly important for … [Read more...]
Low temperature electronic cooling
The potential for low temperature enhancement of CMOS performance has been recognized for some time, going back as far as the late 1960's and mid-1970's. A collection of articles focusing on low temperature electronics is included in the book by Kirschman(1) where a number of researchers [2-6] have identified the advantages of operating electronics at low temperatures. Jaeger … [Read more...]
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